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Leafy Vegetables [North]
Courtesy of Clemson University –
USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,
www.InsectImages.org.
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Armyworms (There are many species of armyworm. The following is a description that depicts some armyworm species.)
Armyworm larvae can grow up to 11/4 inches long. They have three lightly colored stripes running the length of their body. Black spots accompany the stripes on the second segment located behind the head.
Larvae pupate at fifth instar and the pupae are about 1/2 to 3/4 inch long. They are light brown with dark brown margins along their abdominal segments.
Forewings of adult armyworms are mottled gray or brown with a pale spot near the center of each wing. Their wingspan is 1/2 to 1 inch long, and the hind wings are white with darker veins and a fringelike border.
The armyworm infects many weeds, trees, grasses, legumes, truck crops and field crops and is attracted to wild hosts such as plantain, lambsquarters and redroot pigweed.
Recommendations
Intrepid® 2F insecticide, with the active ingredient methoxyfenozide, and SpinTor® 2SC Naturalyte® insect control, with the active ingredient spinosad, are ideal rotational partners in a foliar treatment program with products containing the active ingredient methomyl. |
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Courtesy of Alton N. Sparks, Jr., University of Georgia,
www.InsectImages.org.
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Cabbage Loopers
Cabbage looper larvae are green caterpillars with white stripes running the length of their body. Larvae can grow up to 1 1/4 inches long and the body tapers toward the head. There are three pairs of legs near the head, and three pairs of fleshly prolegs near the posterior. The body is humped or “looped” when moving or resting.
After five instars, larvae pupate into a fragile, silken cocoon. Young pupae are a light greenish color that gradually turns dark brown when mature. They grow to 3/4 inch long.
Adult cabbage loopers are mottled, grayish-brown and have a wing span of 1/2 inch, with a small silvery-white figure eight in the middle area of each of the front wings. Forewings have two shades of grey and blackish zig-zag stripes with hind wings being a pale brown in color. Another characteristic is a tuft of hair arising from behind the back of the moth’s head.
Recommendations
Intrepid and SpinTor may be rotated foliar treatments for control of cabbage loopers with products containing the active ingredient acephate, thiodicarb or zeta-cypermethrin. |
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Courtesy of Joseph Berger,
www.InsectImages.org.
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Courtesy of Whitney Cranshaw,
Colorado State University,
www.InsectImages.org.
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Leafminers
Coiled mines in leaves with one end slightly enlarged indicate leafminer infestation. The maggot is colorless to bright yellow, and up to 1/8 inch long.
Pupae are flattened, segmented and an oblong-oval in shape. At slightly less than 1/8 inch long, young pupae are bright yellow, but gradually turn brown.
Adults are slender and about 1/8 inch long.
Recommendations
SpinTor applied as a foliar treatment can be rotated in a resistance management program with products containing the active ingredient cyromazine, dimethoate or permethrin. |
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For a complete IRM cole crops management guide, visit the Commercial Vegetable Production in Wisconsin guide or the Ohio Vegetable Production Guide.
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